Summary The spread of Islam in Indonesia.

Unlike the military expansion of Islam in the early appearance, the spread of Islam in Indonesia took place relatively peacefully by the merchants and the Sufis. The expansion of Islam in Indonesia is also colored the political and military conflict, especially after Islam had established centers of power (Islamic empire) in some places. In South Sulawesi at the beginning of the 17th century, the Kingdom of Gowa fight against other kingdoms to force them to accept Islam. Conflict with Hindu power in Java is still ongoing in the form of oppression of the scholars of Islam in Java on the kings of Mataram, for example Amangkurat II in the 18th century.
The influx of Western nations to Indonesia in the 16th century put the brakes on the progress of the new Islamic power began to grow. The encounter with the colonizers are developing Islamic political militancy in the form of resistance, armed resistance against the occupiers by wearing the symbols of Islam, both in small scale local resistance in the villages, as well as in the form of mobilization of the war by some charismatic leader such as the Java War, War vicar, and the war in Aceh on 19th-century ago.
Facing resistance of Muslims and especially for the sake of upholding the security and public order colony, the Dutch colonial government tried to do the depoliticization of Islam. According to the instructions of C. Snouck Hurgronje, the government supports the development of Islam in the religious field, but prevent them to participate in the political field. However, various factors would enable the Islamic religion - through the SI - the banner of political-ideological struggle of the people of Indonesia. In a national movement, the Islamic depoliticised by the colonial government, but politicized by people's colony. [Quite interesting observation Rusli Karim, comparing the treatment of the Dutch colonial government and the New Order government against Islam: "In the era of independence, especially during the New Order, religion is placed in a position somewhat similar to what the colonial administration. Religion" manipulated "for political purposes a more concrete form is giving legitimacy to the interests of the regime. The difference, perhaps in an effort to enable religion. In the New Order era, the government makes it easy for religious people, but still diembel-for arbitration with the political interests of religious people to be loyal supporters of every government policy. "]
In a development that, "support" the colonial government against the church and Zending in Indonesia - in addition to the fact that the colonists were the Dutch people are Christian - strengthen the enmity between the adherents of both religions are different. Meanwhile, the Christian side during the movement of anxiety towards the ideas of an Islamic state ideology, which, among others, voiced Moh. Natsir in his polemic with Sukarno.