How to price surveys and the preparation Own Price Calculation (HPS)

How effective price surveysA good price is to be a win-win solution, that is a fair price and good quality consumer purchased, but quite membcrikan the desired benefits for business owners. Although sometimes the price of expensive equipment purchased by consumers, but more people who want to buy goods with cheap price and good quality. How do you determine the price like that?
Approach to determine the price can be done in three ways as follows:
- Approach from capital and costs, that is by adding up all costs and capital required to produce product and then look for a unit price of many manufactured products.- The approach of consumer purchasing power, that is by making the market price surveys are often used consumer to buy one type of product for sale. It is also necessary to survey the price that consumers want to buy a new product.- Approach of the price of business competitors, which is to see the price of similar products that most consumers bought from other manufacturers.
The approach above can be done together to get the best price. In addition to the above approaches, there are several factors to be considered as follows:- Price low initial capital obtained by way of buying direct with the manufacturers directly, make your own with the recommended rules and standards, and selection of materialsgood raw, but economic.- Determine the level of profits that is not too large, but can sell it with higher numbers.- Competing with the prices offered by competitors business around the business location.- Pressing a costly activity. How to make efficiency and cost effectiveness of daily operations.
Borrowing the business netting system (multi level marketing) by finding a friend or relative to help market the product / service sought by treaty agreed profit.
Surveys and Market AppetiteTo understand the purchasing power of consumers and gaga life takes a market survey. In the survey observed concerning:- Types of markets and consumers who were targeted,- The competitors,- The current trend at the moment, and- Forecast trend in the future.
How do you do can vary, ranging from observing from afar, wondering with customers, or even directly to consumers and light conversation while shopping. Do it several times so that the information is really accurate. Read the curriculum vitae or berdiskusilah with people who are quite successful doing similar business. Note the way they see the market opportunity and started the business from scratch.
To assess the current trends you can do by reading the latest information (up to date). Or observe the environment and the behavior of people around, either from direct observation or other media. If the observant enough, you can read the trends that can predict the direction of the trend will go. For example, for the ornamental plant business, do not hesitate to visit the exhibitions of ornamental plants that bloom conducted in major cities.
How to Own the preparation of Price Calculation (HPS) or Owner Estimate (OE)
How do I create or develop their own calculation of the price (HPS)?Own calculation price calculation (HPS) should be done carefully, using the data base, and consider the following points.a. Analysis of the relevant unit price.
b. Approximate cost calculation by the consultant / engineer 's estimate (ee).
c. Local market price at the time of preparation of the HPS.
d. Price contract / work order (SPK) for goods / local similar work ever undertaken.
e. Unit price information published officially by the Section of Statistics (BPS), body / instansilainnya and print media for which data can be accounted for.
f. Price / tariff goods / services issued by the manufacturer / sole agents or independent institutions.
g. Standard price list / tariff costs incurred by the competent authority;
h. Other information that can be accounted for.
i. By calculating the value added tax (VAT).
j. Take into account also the general costs and benefits (overhead cost and profit) is reasonable for providers of goods / services.
k. HPS may not take into account unexpected expenses, miscellaneous expenses and income taxes (Pph) of goods / services.
l. Price estimates themselves (HPS) hares into account the cost of all components for the purpose of pengaclaan goods / services be met with efficient and effective.
m. The advantage is the right provider of goods / services and become part of the HPS. The amount of benefit depends on the turn over of goods / services. For goods / services with rapid turnover, its profit is smaller than the goods / services with a slower turnover. The committee may set a reasonable profit from the total cost of procurement outside the value added tax (VAT).
n. Under article 1 letter n and Article 7 letter a of Law No. 11 of 1994 which is the First Amendment to the Law No. 8 / 1983 on Value Added Tax and Goods and Services Sales Tax on Luxury Goods, VAT bases is the selling price or replacement or the value of imports or exports or any other value set by the Minister of Finance, at a rate of 10% (ten percent) .
o. Price calculation itself (HPS) have been prepared by the Officials and procurement committee / unit procurement services (procurement units) and defined by officials as a tool maker's commitment to assess the fairness of the offering price, including details, as the provisions of Presidential Decree. 80 Year 2003 on Guidelines for Procurement Government Article 13 paragraph (2) and (3).
A description of the use of price calculation itself (HPS)a. Preparation of price calculation itself (HPS) is done by committee / officer procurement / procurement services unit and established by the officer making the commitment, so that using HPS is a committee / officer procurement / procurement service unit / officer ilai maker's commitment to fairness to the offering price.
b. Auditors are not supposed to judge the price of his own calculation (HPS) in view but should assess the reasonableness of the price stipulated in the contract price. To download ilai reasonableness of price in the contract auditor shall make a separate measure iliki alai with references will be indicators of market prices obtained at the same time with the execution of the contract.
How do you calculate the price of his own calculation (HPS) in the process of procurement of consulting services?1. Price calculation itself (HPS) was made at the time will carry out procurement which consists of two principal componentsa. Personnel costs (Remuneration).b. Nonpersonil direct costs (direct reimbursable cost) which includes:1) the cost of office rental;2) travel expenses;3) cost of man pengiri documents;4) cost of the license;5) communication costs;6) housing allowances, and others.
2. In preparing its own price calculation (HPS), nonpersonel direct costs not exceeding 40% (forty percent) of the total cost, except for the type of consulting work of a special nature, such as aerial mapping, field surveys, measurements, soil investigation and others.