Unlike the military expansion of Islam in the early appearance, the spread of Islam in Indonesia took place relatively peacefully by the merchants and the Sufis. The expansion of Islam in Indonesia is also colored the political and military conflict, especially after Islam had established centers of power (Islamic empire) in some places. In South Sulawesi at the beginning of the 17th century, the Kingdom of Gowa fight against other kingdoms to force them to accept Islam. Conflict with Hindu power in Java is still ongoing in the form of oppression of the scholars of Islam in Java on the kings of Mataram, for example Amangkurat II in the 18th century.
The influx of Western nations to Indonesia in the 16th century put the brakes on the progress of the new Islamic power began to grow. The encounter with the colonizers are developing Islamic political militancy in the form of resistance, armed resistance against the occupiers by wearing the symbols of Islam, both in small scale local resistance in the villages, as well as in the form of mobilization of the war by some charismatic leader such as the Java War, War vicar, and the war in Aceh on 19th-century ago.
Facing resistance of Muslims and especially for the sake of upholding the security and public order colony, the Dutch colonial government tried to do the depoliticization of Islam. According to the instructions of C. Snouck Hurgronje, the government supports the development of Islam in the religious field, but prevent them to participate in the political field. However, various factors would enable the Islamic religion - through the SI - the banner of political-ideological struggle of the people of Indonesia. In a national movement, the Islamic depoliticised by the colonial government, but politicized by people's colony. [Quite interesting observation Rusli Karim, comparing the treatment of the Dutch colonial government and the New Order government against Islam: "In the era of independence, especially during the New Order, religion is placed in a position somewhat similar to what the colonial administration. Religion" manipulated "for political purposes a more concrete form is giving legitimacy to the interests of the regime. The difference, perhaps in an effort to enable religion. In the New Order era, the government makes it easy for religious people, but still diembel-for arbitration with the political interests of religious people to be loyal supporters of every government policy. "]
In a development that, "support" the colonial government against the church and Zending in Indonesia - in addition to the fact that the colonists were the Dutch people are Christian - strengthen the enmity between the adherents of both religions are different. Meanwhile, the Christian side during the movement of anxiety towards the ideas of an Islamic state ideology, which, among others, voiced Moh. Natsir in his polemic with Sukarno.
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Minggu, 10 April 2011
Summary The spread of Islam in Indonesia.
How to price surveys and the preparation Own Price Calculation (HPS)
How effective price surveysA good price is to be a win-win solution, that is a fair price and good quality consumer purchased, but quite membcrikan the desired benefits for business owners. Although sometimes the price of expensive equipment purchased by consumers, but more people who want to buy goods with cheap price and good quality. How do you determine the price like that?
Approach to determine the price can be done in three ways as follows:
- Approach from capital and costs, that is by adding up all costs and capital required to produce product and then look for a unit price of many manufactured products.- The approach of consumer purchasing power, that is by making the market price surveys are often used consumer to buy one type of product for sale. It is also necessary to survey the price that consumers want to buy a new product.- Approach of the price of business competitors, which is to see the price of similar products that most consumers bought from other manufacturers.
The approach above can be done together to get the best price. In addition to the above approaches, there are several factors to be considered as follows:- Price low initial capital obtained by way of buying direct with the manufacturers directly, make your own with the recommended rules and standards, and selection of materialsgood raw, but economic.- Determine the level of profits that is not too large, but can sell it with higher numbers.- Competing with the prices offered by competitors business around the business location.- Pressing a costly activity. How to make efficiency and cost effectiveness of daily operations.
Borrowing the business netting system (multi level marketing) by finding a friend or relative to help market the product / service sought by treaty agreed profit.
Surveys and Market AppetiteTo understand the purchasing power of consumers and gaga life takes a market survey. In the survey observed concerning:- Types of markets and consumers who were targeted,- The competitors,- The current trend at the moment, and- Forecast trend in the future.
How do you do can vary, ranging from observing from afar, wondering with customers, or even directly to consumers and light conversation while shopping. Do it several times so that the information is really accurate. Read the curriculum vitae or berdiskusilah with people who are quite successful doing similar business. Note the way they see the market opportunity and started the business from scratch.
To assess the current trends you can do by reading the latest information (up to date). Or observe the environment and the behavior of people around, either from direct observation or other media. If the observant enough, you can read the trends that can predict the direction of the trend will go. For example, for the ornamental plant business, do not hesitate to visit the exhibitions of ornamental plants that bloom conducted in major cities.
How to Own the preparation of Price Calculation (HPS) or Owner Estimate (OE)
How do I create or develop their own calculation of the price (HPS)?Own calculation price calculation (HPS) should be done carefully, using the data base, and consider the following points.a. Analysis of the relevant unit price.
b. Approximate cost calculation by the consultant / engineer 's estimate (ee).
c. Local market price at the time of preparation of the HPS.
d. Price contract / work order (SPK) for goods / local similar work ever undertaken.
e. Unit price information published officially by the Section of Statistics (BPS), body / instansilainnya and print media for which data can be accounted for.
f. Price / tariff goods / services issued by the manufacturer / sole agents or independent institutions.
g. Standard price list / tariff costs incurred by the competent authority;
h. Other information that can be accounted for.
i. By calculating the value added tax (VAT).
j. Take into account also the general costs and benefits (overhead cost and profit) is reasonable for providers of goods / services.
k. HPS may not take into account unexpected expenses, miscellaneous expenses and income taxes (Pph) of goods / services.
l. Price estimates themselves (HPS) hares into account the cost of all components for the purpose of pengaclaan goods / services be met with efficient and effective.
m. The advantage is the right provider of goods / services and become part of the HPS. The amount of benefit depends on the turn over of goods / services. For goods / services with rapid turnover, its profit is smaller than the goods / services with a slower turnover. The committee may set a reasonable profit from the total cost of procurement outside the value added tax (VAT).
n. Under article 1 letter n and Article 7 letter a of Law No. 11 of 1994 which is the First Amendment to the Law No. 8 / 1983 on Value Added Tax and Goods and Services Sales Tax on Luxury Goods, VAT bases is the selling price or replacement or the value of imports or exports or any other value set by the Minister of Finance, at a rate of 10% (ten percent) .
o. Price calculation itself (HPS) have been prepared by the Officials and procurement committee / unit procurement services (procurement units) and defined by officials as a tool maker's commitment to assess the fairness of the offering price, including details, as the provisions of Presidential Decree. 80 Year 2003 on Guidelines for Procurement Government Article 13 paragraph (2) and (3).
A description of the use of price calculation itself (HPS)a. Preparation of price calculation itself (HPS) is done by committee / officer procurement / procurement services unit and established by the officer making the commitment, so that using HPS is a committee / officer procurement / procurement service unit / officer ilai maker's commitment to fairness to the offering price.
b. Auditors are not supposed to judge the price of his own calculation (HPS) in view but should assess the reasonableness of the price stipulated in the contract price. To download ilai reasonableness of price in the contract auditor shall make a separate measure iliki alai with references will be indicators of market prices obtained at the same time with the execution of the contract.
How do you calculate the price of his own calculation (HPS) in the process of procurement of consulting services?1. Price calculation itself (HPS) was made at the time will carry out procurement which consists of two principal componentsa. Personnel costs (Remuneration).b. Nonpersonil direct costs (direct reimbursable cost) which includes:1) the cost of office rental;2) travel expenses;3) cost of man pengiri documents;4) cost of the license;5) communication costs;6) housing allowances, and others.
2. In preparing its own price calculation (HPS), nonpersonel direct costs not exceeding 40% (forty percent) of the total cost, except for the type of consulting work of a special nature, such as aerial mapping, field surveys, measurements, soil investigation and others.
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Artikel Tentang Bahasa Inggris; Kesehatan, It, Pendidikan, Lingkungan Dll
Pendidikan bahasa Inggris, English language today is very important to master, because almost every conversation and ask for mastering job on this one language both oral and written.
Belajar bahasa inggris, you can use this English article as your study material that is written (you can copy and write it so that you are accustomed to writing in English), reading, you can read over and over again so you’ll get used to speaking in English.
Artikel bahasa inggris with several themes such as, health, computers, technology, education, cooking, travel, car, mobile phones, digital cameras, blogging, marketing, internet, golf, job search, scholarship, loan, credit, investing, motivation and much more…
Contoh simple artikel kesehatan tentang kanker
Get to know what is cancer
All over the world, cancer is known to be as one of the most deadly disease ever to have affected the human race. Most of the medical researchers all over the world, consider cancer to be a “metabolic disease”. Metabolic diseases are those diseases, which are known to affect the metabolism rate of the human body. As already said, we know that cancer has been concluded as to be a “metabolic disease” and that conclusion has been drawn from the fact that, cancer as a disease affects the human cells in the body.
Cells are microscopic living units in the body, which together form all living organs in the body. At any given time or state, the human body is made up of a billion cells, which together constitute the human organs. Cancer as a disease is considered to be a very deadly disease, just because of the fact that the disease affects the human cells. In cancer, abnormal and unusual cells crop up in the human body and they grow and spread in the human body at an alarming and fast rate.
The abnormal cells grow and star spreading at a very fast rate. Usually, the normal cells divide and grow up to a certain level and then they die after a little time, unlike the unusual cells which do not follow the normal rate of growth and division. The cancer cells keep on dividing and continue growing on unlike the usual cells. The cancer cells unlike the usual cells do not die and start getting clumped together, which in turn forms a tum Selengkapnya...
Kamis, 07 April 2011
(7 APRIL 2011) 1 HIt (Kriss+SG)-Wallhack-Robot-No Respawn-Minimize-Speed Hack-Spion
Online Business With Email
You have your online business running sales are good, your marketing campaign is bringing in new customers your business is growing. You are receiving emails about your service or product now what?
A person who emails you has an interest in your business. To delay a response or ignore this person would be the start of your business decline. This may not happen immediately but eventually word of mouth would bet around that you do not care for your customers or potential customers enough to provide good customer service. This will then lead people to go somewhere else for their purchases. Some tips for effectively dealing with email.
Try and answer email within 24 hours minimum. The maximum time frame you would want is 48 hours. To accomplish this you will want to set aside time each day just to respond to emails. Some say three times a day, morning, mid afternoon, and evening is best as it ensures everyone gets a timely response.
Make sure you are courteous and professional. There are some times you just don’t feel like answering a question that has an answer plainly on your website or sales letter, or some question you feel is irrelevant or foolish. The urge to send a fiery response is there. If you do not feel you can politely and professionally answer, take a break. Come back after you took some time to cool down. To the customer who asked this is an important part of their decision on whether they will do business with you or not. Do not push away a customer or potential customer with a hasty emotional response.
If you really dislike answering email or it becomes too much for you to keep up with. Hire someone to do this task for you. You will want to choose this person carefully. Get someone who is friendly and knows your business. Find someone who has the time and English skill necessary to get a prompt and understandable reply back to the customer.
Some questions you will get over and over. For these have a standard response that set aside that you can cut and paste into your response and then tailor the rest of your response to that particular customers email.
Learn to use your email filters. This will automatically sort your email along with any junk mail you receive. The advantage now is if you set up folders for sales, customer inquiries, feedback and others. You can then prioritize your responses. Answer your email them in an order that you feel is important. You may want to respond to inquiries and feed back faster than sales. By using email filters you save time from having to separate into groups yourself.
We all understand that things do come up unexpectedly. This can cause a delay in responses. Make use of an auto responder, post it on your website, or send out a newsletter quick if something comes up. People are aware that things can happen and will understand just make sure you keep them informed on when they can expect a response.
If you pay attention to your customers and potential customers comments, questions, or concerns you will make them a happy and loyal group who will help your sales. If you ignore them, they will then go somewhere else. This will also have an effect on your sales only it will be a negative effect.
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E-mail Marketing
Technology with its advent has taken a toll even in the field of marketing at last. E-mail also known as electronic mail, is now turning out as an indispensable medium of marketing on internet.
Internet as whole has a wide marketing area because of the fact that it is spread whole and wide over the whole word. This makes it accessible to almost every country and eventually to the people in the country. E-mails are very techno-savvy and more effective and fast. This is the reason that we can now see e-mails developing as an indispensable media of marketing.
Over the years people and corporate houses have started realizing the advantages of e-mail marketing. E-mail marketing carries a lot of advantages along with it. Some of the benefits are:
a) Speed:
This is the main factor as to why e-mail marketing is considered better and over the other Medias of marketing. E-mail marketing along with it brings the advantage of high speed. E-mail marketing has a very high speed of information transfer. It just takes a second for the person to transfer information from his working place to the internet worldwide, where everyone can view it worldwide.
b) Reach:
One another factor as to why e-mail marketing is considered a better option is because of the fact that it has a better reach to the people worldwide than the other medias of marketing. E-mail marketing knows no boundaries and this helps the people to continue or conduct their marketing work in larger scale. The higher reach of e-mail marketing, attracts more people towards it and thereby assists the whole marketing process.
c) Inexpensive:
E-mail marketing is comparatively much and more cheap than that of the other medias of marketing. The people do not have to incur any special or extra cost to market their product or point of view. Being inexpensive it suits the people and they thereby resort to e-mail marketing than the other Medias.
d) Effective:
E-mail marketing is very effective than the other medias of marketing. The reason being, that they are very techno-savvy, very fast and still pretty cost effective. This whole package makes e-mail marketing very cheap and pretty attractive. This is the reason that e-mail marketing is pretty effective and thus more approachable.
e) Personalized marketing:
E-mail marketing avails the people the opportunity to avail and conduct personalized marketing. In this the people can send mails only to people whom they think that they would be interested in it. In this the mails will only be forwarded to people on whom the concern is interested.
Thus we see that why and how e-mail marketing has turned out to be an indispensable tool in marketing
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Rabu, 06 April 2011
" Advantages Of Affilate Tracking Software"
Who Can Benefit from Affiliate Tracking Software
When it comes to affiliate programs and affiliate tracking software, a large amount of focus is placed on business owners. This is because business owners are the ones who decide to start an affiliate program and use an affiliate tracking service. While business owners may be able to benefit the most from affiliate programs and affiliate tracking software, they are not the only ones who can. In fact, affiliate programs and tracking software not only benefit business owners, but affiliates as well.
An affiliate is a term that is used to describe webmasters, web publishers, and website owners. When they enter into an affiliate program, they are often referred to as an affiliate. The job of an affiliate, when it comes to affiliate programs, is to help increase the revenue of one of their partner sites. This is done by placing advertisements, such as banners or links, on their website. Each time those advertisements are used to generate a sale; the affiliate will be compensated for their work. This compensation is often a percentage of each earned sale.
An affiliate will benefit from participating in an affiliate program because they have the ability to earn money. In fact, that is how many webmasters, web publishers, and website owners make most of their money, by participating in an affiliate program. Unfortunately, an affiliate program cannot successfully operate without affiliate tracking software, so, in a way, this means that affiliates will also benefit from the use of this important software. Without affiliate tracking software, it would be difficult or impossible for each business owner to know where their sales came from. Without known this proper information, affiliates would not be compensated for their work.
As previously mentioned, a business owner, otherwise known as a merchant, can also benefit from the development of an affiliate program and affiliate tracking software. Perhaps, the greatest benefit comes from the development of an affiliate program. Affiliate programs are designed to help increase business sales. By partnering with a website owner, webmaster, or web publisher that has an online website, that is in one way or another related to yours, you may notice a steady increase in your online website’s traffic. If your website sells merchandise or services, you may also notice an increase in your sales.
Affiliate tracking software is important for business owners because it allows them to successfully operate an affiliate program. With affiliate programs, you need to be able to know when one of your affiliates helped to generate a sale. It is also important to know which affiliate that was and how much the sale was worth. This information is important because it will make sure that you properly compensate all of your affiliates. Without an affiliate tracking software program you would be unable to do this. If you tried without software, it is possible that you would reward the wrong affiliate or not even reward one at all. This is the quickest way to spend your affiliate program downhill; therefore, affiliate tracking is extremely important, if not necessary.
As you can easily see, affiliate programs and affiliate tracking software do not just benefit one type of individual; they benefit a number of them. Whether you are a business owner, looking to increase your sales, or a website owner, webmaster, or web publisher, looking to make extra money, you can thank affiliate tracking software for giving you the opportunity to do so.
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